Published examples of data mining from easily accessible databases:
Ball, M. et al, Data Mining and Machine Learning in Astronomy [1], International Journal of Modern Physics, submitted
Bedient, J., 40 New Southern Red Variables [2], PZP 7, 20 (2007)
Otero, S., New Elements for 80 Eclipsing Binaries [3], IBVS 5480 (2004)
Richwine, P. et al, The Internet as a Virtual Observatory: New Elements for Ten Long Period Variables in Aquila [4], JAAVSO 34, 28 (2005)
Usatov, M.; Nosulchik, A., 108 New Variable Stars in the NSVS Database [5], OEJV 88 (2008)
Wils, P. et al, Data Mining for Dwarf Novae in SDSS, GALEX and Astrometric Catalogues [6], MNRAS, (accepted)
Wils, P., Double-Mode RR Lyrae Stars in SDSS Stripe 82 [7], IBVS 5873 (2009)
Links:
[1] http://arxiv.org/abs/0906.2173
[2] http://www.astronet.ru/db/varstars/msg/1222192
[3] http://www.konkoly.hu/cgi-bin/IBVS?5480
[4] http://www.aavso.org/sites/default/files/jaavso/v34n1/28.pdf
[5] http://var.astro.cz/oejv/issues/oejv0088.pdf
[6] http://arxiv.org/pdf/0910.3218v1
[7] http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009IBVS.5873....1W
[8] http://www.aavso.org/category/tags/data-mining
[9] http://www.aavso.org/category/tags/data-mining-section