PAGE i S S C Y G N I L I G H T C U R V E S 1 9 8 5 - 1 9 9 0 AAVSO MONOGRAPH 1 SUPPLEMENT 1 This monograph is dedicated to Dwynal B. Pettengill in memory of his love of variable stars and his enthusiasm for variable star observing. Prepared by Janet A. Mattei Elizabeth O. Waagen E. Grant Foster Funds for preparation and publication provided by Dwynal B. Pettengill Clinton B. Ford Additional funds provided by AAVSO Members International Astronomical Union (IAU) PAGE ii ISBN 1-878174-05-3 COPYRIGHT 1991 by the American Association of Variable Star Observers 25 Birch Street Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 USA All rights reserved. All commercial use of any part of this book requires the written permission of the AAVSO. All non-commercial use by individuals and educators is granted without restriction. PAGE iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction v Observers of SS Cygni vii Information on SS Cygni x Key to Symbols x Light Curves of SS Cygni, 1985 - 1990 1 PAGE iv is blank PAGE v SS CYGNI LIGHT CURVES, 1985 - 1990 Introduction AAVSO long-term light curves of variable stars contain crucial information that has a significant bearing on many outstanding questions in astrophysics. These light curves define the behavior of variable stars and provide basic sets of observations for multiwavelength data correlation, data analysis, and for checking theories and matching models. The monograph format enables us to present long-term variable star behavior, with each Monograph containing 20 or more years of computer- generated light curves on one star. Each Supplement to a Monograph continues the light curves of the same star, bringing them more up-to-date. SS Cygni Light Curves, 1985 - 1990 AAVSO Monograph 1, Supplement 1, contains light curves of SS Cygni from 1985 through 1990. Pages 1 through 12 contain computer-generated light curves with each dot representing one observation. Observations are plotted Julian date versus magnitude, and the start of each year (January 0) is indicated along the upper axis. A scaled grid is provided to assist in determining the exact date and magnitude of any data point. Factual information on SS Cygni and a Key to Symbols are given on page x. Observations from JD 2446000 to 2446066 were also published in Monograph 1. They are repeated in this supplement to make the first light curve more complete. The observations in this supplement are the contributions of AAVSO members or observers in the United States and abroad. 473 observers have contributed 31,165 observations to these light curves. The names and observer codes of these observers are given on pages vii through ix. In preparing the data for publication, each observation was evaluated for accuracy by my technical assistant Elizabeth O. Waagen, and by me. Software used in evaluating and plotting the observations was developed by my technical assistant E. Grant Foster. The observations from 1985 through 1990 included in this monograph have been preserved on magnetic tape, cartridge, and printout. Electronic, diskette, magnetic tape, or printout copies of observations for further analysis may be obtained by writing to the AAVSO Director. Acknowledgements We dedicate AAVSO Monograph 1, Supplement 1, to the memory of Dwynal B. Pettengill. Dwynal loved variable stars and variable star observing with a wonderful enthusiasm, and contributed generously towards the preparation of this monograph supplement. Our special thanks go to Clinton B. Ford for his very generous contribution for the preparation of this and subsequent monographs and monograph supplements. Our sincere thanks go to AAVSO members and friends for their contributions to prepare these monographs and monograph supplements. We thank the International Astronomical Union (IAU) for their support of our monograph series and for the grant provided to the AAVSO to publish this and other monographs. v PAGE vi We acknowledge with thanks the computer support of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for the processing of part of the data and data preservation. The evaluation of the data and the preparation of this monograph supplement were accomplished using the computer facilities at AAVSO Headquarters. This computer hardware was purchased through grants from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (grant awards NAGW 1493 and NAG 5-1459), the Kenilworth Fund, and the Theodore H. Dunham Fund for Astrophysical Research. We gratefully acknowledge these grants. Many AAVSO assistants helped in the preparation of the data for publication. My special thanks go to Elizabeth O. Waagen for her careful evaluation of the observations and plotting the light curves, and to E. Grant Foster for developing the computer programs for the IBM-PC compatible MS-DOS computers at AAVSO Headquarters to evaluate, plot, and prepare the data for publication. Robert S. Hill, Charles M. Jones, and Richard J. Strazdas assisted in the initial development of the computer programs to manage the large volumes of data. Barbara Silva, Douglas Van Orsow, Young Lim, Michael Bickford, and several other student-assistants have helped in making the data computer-readable. The dedication, the many, many hours of observing, and the untiring efforts of our observers in pursuit of contributing to variable star astronomy have made this publication possible. Our very sincere thanks and gratitude go to them for their valuable astronomical contributions. Janet Akyuz Mattei Director Cambridge, Massachusetts October 1991 PAGE vii CONTRIBUTORS TO AAVSO DATA ON SS CYGNI 1985 - 1990 AAP P. Abbott 157 CK S. Cook 24 GIA A. Grima 8 ABT T. Abrahamsen 52 COO L. Cook 171 GSC C. Gros 28 AD R. Adams 7 CCH C. Coteff 5 GCT C. Grunnet 402 AB W. Albrecht 570 CLX L. Cox 51 GRZ H. Grzelczyk 178 ALN R. Allison 5 CR T. Cragg 11 GCO C. Gualdoni 4 AMO M. Amoretti 21 CRR R. Crumrine 33 GUB G. Gubbels 62 AOD O. Andersen 46 CSI I. Csoti 2 GUG V. Gugumus 7 AJR J. Andress 58 CSM M. Csukas 78 GUN J. Gunther 270 AZP P. Antalicz 1 CGS M. Cummings 2 GWZ R. Guziewicz 1 ARI R. Ariail 39 DAH H. Dahle 30 HTY T. Hager 112 ARN L. Arnold 38 DAN J. Danko 1 HK E. Halbach 44 AKT R. Atkin 3 DAK K. Danskin 14 HMG G. Halmi 5 AUB J. Aubaud 7 DN P. Darnell 41 HMR R. Ham 84 BOZ B. Bago 39 DTA T. Darvann 40 HAN J. Hannon 17 BRM R. Bales 1 DYJ J. Dauby 8 HSG G. Hanson 25 BVE E. Ballegoy 59 DV G. Davidson 26 HVG V. Hansteen 2 BMQ M. Baranda-Gomez 2 DAJ J. Davis 6 HPR C. Harper 10 BBN W. Barbin 6 DBF F. Deboosere 11 HAV R. Harvan 136 BEW W. Barnes 9 DBR B. Decottignies 7 HDO M. Havassy 1 BSF S. Barnhart 34 DFF C. Deffayet 32 HAB R. Hays 491 BSR S. Baroni 7 DPA A. Diepvens 183 HZL L. Hazel 2 BB D. Bates 1 MDS M. Dionisi 12 HLS L. Heen 27 BBA B. Beaman 58 DRX R. Dixon 10 HEF M. Heifner 189 BKY K. Beaman 1 DPL P.Dombrowski 233 HEL K. Helbak 96 BJS J. Bedient 6 GDB G. Domeny 86 HGZ Z. Herceg 1 BTY T. Benner 155 DMJ M. Dreiling 2 HEV Z. Hevesi 4 BBE B. Berente 49 DUP P. Du Pasquier 31 HE F. Hiett 504 BNS S. Bergeron 9 DUS R. Dubois 25 HIM M. Hill 9 BML M. Bernstrom 178 DRY R. Ducoty 80 HIR Y. Hirasawa 69 BIO P. Berriot 56 DMO M. Dumont 1 HWD W. Hodgson 12 BEZ J. Bezecourt 12 DNJ J. Duncan 38 HLT G. Holter 22 BIC L. Bichon 92 DDV D. Durham 1 HZJ J. Holtz 12 BIL G. Bilodeau 1 DGP G. Dyck 1,212 HOO G. Hoogeveen 5 BKN A. Birkner 50 EL J. Ellerbe 8 HRB P. Hornby 11 BAX A. Boattini 75 EJT J. Emmert 50 HFE F. Horvath 1 BOH D. Bohme 13 EJL J. Everaert 27 HSR S. Hoste 33 BFK F. Boinck 43 FCA C. Fausel 43 HU W. Houston 12 BYR J. Bondono 80 FJH H. Feijth 207 HDS S. Hubbard 2 BVL D. Bonneville 8 FKJ J. Fekete 2 HJA J. Hudson 120 BRJ J. Bortle 353 FET T. Fetterman 5 HUO D. Hughes 1 BMU R. Bouma 233 FRF R. Fidrich 169 HTR T. Hunefield 5 BDS R. Boyd 10 FDV D. Fisher 78 HR C. Hurless 42 BYS S. Bradley 4 FIG R. Fitch 1 IML M. Idem 1,168 BDT D. Branchett 3 FEM E. Flynn 17 IAZ A. Izumo 10 BRN L. Brennan 1 FDA A. Fodor 24 JCT T. Jacobs 18 BTB T. Bretl 84 FDC F. Fodor 3 JM R. James 2 BHN H. Bril 1 FFC F. Foldesi 147 JJT J. Jeffrey 67 BSM S. Brincat 101 FD C. Ford 1 JKK K. Jensen 30 BOS E. Broens 16 FTO T. Fors 33 JLR R. Jepeal 11 BBT R. Browning 177 FRH A. Frich 55 JCH C. Johannink 1 BOA A. Bruno 1 FMG G. Fugman 43 JOG G. Johnson 219 BYD R. Bryden 26 GBZ O. Gabzo 124 JR R. Johnsson 34 CBA A. Cabrera-Rodriguez 87 GEP E. Gagnon 15 JOO I. Joo 1 CMP R. Campbell 58 GEC D. Gale 1 JUR A. Juracsko 2 CIA L. Camurri 5 GCZ J. Gancarz 69 KRG R. Kalleberg 1 CEA B. Candela 60 GMK M. Gaskill 1 KB W. Kaminski 59 CPK P. Carpreau 10 GSR R. Geschwind 10 KYJ L. Karoly 1 CGJ J. Carragan 15 GDI D. Gill 44 KLD L. Kerley 2 CGW W. Carragan 35 GLF F. Glenn 1 KRB R. King 371 CJR J. Caruso 2 GLW W. Glenn 1 KLC C. Klausing 6 CJZ J. Cerar 33 GAV A. Glomsvoll 2 KON O. Klinting 24 CGF G. Chaple 318 GOT T. Gomez 54 KGT G. Knight 131 CYA A. Cichy 16 GOP P. Goodwin 80 KSP S. Knight 132 TCE E. Cifuentes-Torres 84 GLM L. Gorski 1 KS C. Knowles 1 CPH P. Claisse 5 GOY W. Gouy 8 KOC A. Kocsis 158 CLK W. Clark 15 GFF T. Graffunder 8 KDF D. Kocyla 25 CLG L. Cluyse 55 GFG F. Graham 1 KHL M. Kohl 123 CMX M. Coffey 3 GKA K. Graham 55 KLG G. Kohl 3 CMJ M. Collins 1 GDP P. Granaud 34 KAS A. Kokkinedis 31 COL P. Collins 269 GRL B. Granslo 564 KLR T. Kolar 8 CMG G. Comello 157 GRW D. Green 3 KRS R. Kolman 143 CGG G. Conlin 99 GRI J. Griese 274 KMA M. Komorous 327 vii PAGE viii CONTRIBUTORS TO AAVSO DATA ON SS CYGNI (cont'd) 1985 - 1990 KRF R. Konior 17 MCE E. Mochizuki 51 SPQ C. Sapi 7 KRT S. Korth 166 MMI M. Moeller 609 SVT T. Saville 2 KOS A. Kosa-Kiss 347 MOD D.Mohrbacher 27 SSC S. Schimpf 2 KOA M. Koshiro 74 MOL J. Molnar 33 SPK P. Schmeer 58 KVI I. Kovacs 33 MAR R. Monella 12 SRD R. Schmidt 6 KRR R. Kringel 2 MDE D. Monger 31 SAQ A. Scholten 2 KIS G. Krisch 82 MOR R. Monske 13 SLZ G. Schott 5 KRK K. Krisciunas 11 MJ A. Montague 85 SCY A. Schroyens 52 KRP P. Kroner 1 MAO A. Morbidelli 6 SDH D. Schroyens 5 KPG G. Kuipers 26 MOJ J. Morgan 65 SCZ E. Schweitzer 235 LGT G. Lacassin 53 MOI E. Morillon 161 SCX E. Sciaroni 1 LDT T. Ladanyi 3 MOW W. Morrison 457 SCE C. Scovil 297 LAR R. Lambert 13 MDU D. Mulinski 1 SEZ J. Segonzat 6 LBO B. Langfjaeran 8 MJC M. Murphy 11 SMV M. Sekiguchi 9 LTW T. Langhans 57 MUY E. Muyllaert 28 SVY N. Severijns 1 LKG K. Larson 36 NZO Z. Nagy 5 SHS S. Sharpe 207 LDR D. Laurent 4 NBR B. Nelson 4 SSA A. Sharpless 26 LJS J. Lavigne 6 NRH D. Nelson 25 SHQ O. Shemer 42 LZT T. Lazuka 187 NVG V. Nielsen 27 SHW W. Sherman 11 LEB R. Lebert 31 NWL W. Nobel 3 SSV S. Shervais 1 LTF T. Leifsen 2 NTS T. Norton 6 SLH L. Shotter 13 LNZ G. Lenz 7 NVK M. Novak 43 SIH M. Silhol 199 LJL J. Leonard 10 NOG G. Nowak 17 SNE N. Simmons 16 LES D. Lester 1 OBG G. O'Brien 1 SOF O. Skjaeraasen 3 LVY D. Levy 6 OCN S. O'Connor 4 SMI A. Smith 54 LNB G. Lindbloom 5 OER E. Ofek 62 SJO J. Smith 7 LJK J. Lingaas 84 OJO J. Olesen 574 SMQ M. Smith 44 LWT T. Lohvinenko 3 OV E. Oravec 43 SRQ R.K. Smith 4 LGV G. Lopatynski 18 ORW R. Ortel 2 SRV R.V. Smith 3 LLH L. Lopes 9 OJR J. Osorio 424 SOH H. Sorensen 126 LOL J. Lorsignol 4 OSV L. Osvald 14 SJZ J. Speil 195 LOS S. Lorsignol 24 PLA A. Padilla-Filho 55 SPO J. Spongsveen 76 LEJ E. Los 8 PCP C. Pampaloni 1 SC C. Spratt 27 LVT D. Lovett 78 PPS S. Papp 656 SPD M. Springfield 2 LX W. Lowder 27 PLI L. Parmeggiani 51 STR D. Stanton 1 LTB T. Lubbers 7 PRN A. Patrick 14 SKS T. Steckner 12 LBG G. Lubcke 261 PDN D. Pearce 2 STI D. Steffey 92 LKS R. Lukas 1 PEI E. Pedersen 160 SGP P. Stegmann 48 LRE R. Lunsford 1 PEG C. Peguet 61 SET C. Stephan 98 LJO J. Luurs 3 PMR M. Perala 310 SWT R. Stewart 17 LBB B. Lux 4 PAE A. Pereira 3 STQ N. Stoikidis 9 LYR R. Lynch 13 PRZ A. Perez 7 SUS D. Sussmann 21 MKE R. Manske 67 PZA A. erez-Revilla 326 SVN P. Sventek 156 MJZ J. Manzorro 37 PFK F. Pesci 40 SZW R. Szaj 39 MCO M. Marcario 3 PSO S. Pesci 27 SZX Z. Szalma 7 MBA B. Marcey 2 POD D.Pestana-Galvan 20 SKV L. Szarka 61 MIC C. Mariller 4 PED D. Pettengill 188 SAO A. Szauer 2 MJG J. Martin 3 PHL A. Phillipe 3 SNO L. Szentasko 26 MRX H. Marx 51 PKI O. Piechowski 7 SOO A. Szollosi 18 MSM M. Masson 12 PIA A. Piemonte 10 SUC L. Szucs 2 MTH H. Matsuyama 44 PLS G. Plesier 3 SUZ P. Szutor 4 MCU C. Matyas 23 PLR R. Poole 1 TDB D. Taylor 153 MGE G.Mavrofridis 46 PWR D. Powaski 4 TSZ S. Teichner 2 MJW J. Mayer 105 POX M. Poxon 44 TPS I. Tepliczky 35 MYR E. Mayer 311 PJN J. Prat 2 TMS F. Termis-Soto 4 MGG G. McGinnis 11 PDQ D. Proust 1 TAX A. Thomas 4 MKJ J. McKenna 66 RJE J. Rasmussen 2 THR R. Thompson 32 MBC B. McMillan 57 RJI J. Riggs 259 THU B. Thouet 24 MHT T. McNinch 1 RLR R. Robinson 64 TBC B. Tic 22 MSD D. Means 6 RGP P. Roggemans 1 TSV S. Tindlund 1 MIB I. Mediaas 71 RLU L. Rossi 3 T9 D. Tomita 15 MED K. Medway 996 RR R. Royer 64 TOM M. Toonen 4 MDG D. Megginson 62 RPH H. Rumball-Petre 6 TTH T. Toth 11 MEH C. Meinhardt 2 RKR K. Ruminski 34 TTK K. Toth 3 MHI H. Menali 5 RAN A. Rutter 2 TRY R. Trank 3 MDI I. Middlemist 13 SGT I. Sagodi 34 TDM D. Troiani 107 MOK O.Midtskogen 481 SJQ A. Sajtz 78 TJC J. Truax 10 MLL J. Miller 1 SSU S. Sakuma 144 TUD B. Tudos 1 MTL R. Milton 8 SRL R. Sala 2 UJV A. Ujvarosy 1 MJI J. Miner 10 SNL J. Sandel 1 UND G. Underhay 43 MIS J. Minois 8 SDS D. Sands 1 VCP P. van Cauteren 2 MZS A. Mizser 224 SSX A. Santos 2 VNL F. van Loo 22 viii PAGE ix CONTRIBUTORS TO AAVSO DATA ON SS CYGNI (cont'd) 1985 - 1990 VED P. Vedrenne 499 WKP P. Walker 251 WCL C. Womack 77 VEL P. Velasco 58 WND D. Wallian 14 WMI M. Wright 83 VTR R. Venditti 2 WER R. Weber 2 WUN E. Wunder 6 VET M. Verdenet 567 WEI D. Weier 111 YRK D. York 103 VIA J. Vialle 143 WC R. Wend 311 YON R. Young 14 VNZ Z. Vician 76 WTJ J. West 9 YUR J. Yurchesyn 2 VGP P. Vignier 229 WYT T. Weyenberg 16 ZAG G. Zajacz 13 VGJ G. Vinci 110 WIK C. Wickman 1 ZLT T. Zalezsak 36 VII I. Vincze 1 WTK K. Wieszt 14 ZAM M. Zanotta 14 VLP J. Vinopal 2 WJY J. Wilms 6 ZUT S. Zanut 18 VOI P. Voith 1 WLP P. Wils 67 ZPA P. Zeller 42 VOL W. Vollmann 11 WJA J. Wilson 3 ZIN S. Zinn 5 VYP P. Vuylsteke 31 WSN T. Wilson 5 ZRE R. Zissell 10 WEO E. Waagen 1 WNB B. Wingate 16 CONTRIBUTING ASTRONOMICAL ORGANIZATIONS Asociacion Argentina Amigos de la Astronomia Association Francaise des Observateurs d'Etoiles Variables (France) Astronomical Society of Southern Africa, Variable Star Section Astronomischer Jugendclub (Austria) Berliner Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Veranderliche Sterne (West Germany) British Astronomical Association, Variable Star Section (England) British Astronomical Association of New South Wales (Australia) Liga Ibero-Americana de Astronomia (South America) Nederlandse Vereniging Voor Weer-en Sterrenkunde, Werkgroep Veranderlijke Sterren (Netherlands) Norsk Astronomisk Selskap, Variable Stjernegruppen (Norway) Planetario e Observatorio Astronomico do Colegio Estadual do Parana (Brazil) Pleione Valtozocsillageszlelo Halozat (Hungary) Red de Observatores de Estrellas Variables - MIRA (Spain) Royal Astronomical Society of Canada Royal Astronomical Society of New Zealand, Variable Star Section Scandinavian Astronomisk Selskap Uniao Brasileira de Astronomia, Variable Star Commission (Brazil) Variable Star Observers League in Japan Vereniging Voor Sterrenkunde, Werkgroep Veranderlijke Sterren (Belgium) ix PAGE x INFORMATION ON SS CYGNI Right Ascension Declination Position: (1900) 21h 38m 47s +43o 07.7' (1950) 21 40 45 +43 21.4 (2000) 21 42 42 +43 35.0 Type: Cataclysmic variable - dwarf nova of U Geminorum type Average Outburst Frequency: 50 days Orbital Period: 0.275130 day (06:36:11) Spectrum (secondary): K5V Mass Ratio (primary/secondary): 1.70 +/- 0.04 Mass (primary): 1.33Mo Mass(secondary): 0.80Mo Orbital Inclination: 38 degrees Other Information: X-ray source (hard and soft x-ray) KEY TO SYMBOLS Symbols used in this monograph are: . = 1 observation v = variable is fainter than the magnitude indicated by the vertex of the "v" on the light curve (variable not seen) Please note that there may appear to be horizontal lines in some parts of the light curves. These "lines" are in fact very dense concentrations of individual observations. x PAGE xi SS CYGNI LIGHT CURVES 1985 - 1990