%PDF-1.1 % 1 0 obj << /CreationDate (D:191050711132713) /Producer (Acrobat Distiller 3.0 for Windows) /Subject () /Keywords () /Author () /Creator (Adobe PageMaker 6.5) /Title (89) >> endobj 3 0 obj << /Length 4063 >> stream BT /F6 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 144 669.96 Tm 0 0 0 rg BX /GS2 gs EX 0.014 Tc [(Sokoloski,)-994(JAAVSO)-262(Volume)-250(31,)-250(2003)]TJ 31.32 -0.06 TD 0.08 Tc (89)Tj /F8 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 144 638.4 Tm 0 Tc 0.009 Tw (Symbiotic Stars as Laboratories for the Study of Accretion and)Tj 0 -1.2 TD -0.106 Tw (Jets: A Call for Optical Monitoring)Tj 10 0 0 10 144 599.16 Tm 0.026 Tc -0.02 Tw (J. L. Sokoloski)Tj /F6 1 Tf T* 0.005 Tc -0.101 Tw (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA)Tj T* 0.032 Tc (02138)Tj 0 -2.196 TD 0.006 Tc 0.039 Tw (Invited review paper, received June 20, 2003)Tj /F8 1 Tf 0 -2.4 TD (Abstract)Tj /F9 1 Tf 4.764 0 TD 0.034 Tw (Symbiotic binary stars typically consist of a white dwarf \(WD\) that)Tj -4.764 -1.2 TD -0.092 Tw (accretes material from the wind of a companion red giant. Orbital periods for these)Tj T* -0.044 Tw (binaries are on the order of years, and their relatively small optical outbursts tend)Tj T* -0.125 Tw (to occur every few years to decades. In some symbiotics, material that is transferred)Tj T* -0.108 Tw (from the red giant to the WD forms a disk around the WD. Thus, symbiotic stars are)Tj T* -0.043 Tw (a bit like overgrown cataclysmic variables \(CVs\), but with less violent eruptions.)Tj T* 0.04 Tw (Symbiotic stars are not as well understood as CVs, in part because their longer)Tj T* 0.003 Tc -0.125 Tw (variability time scales mean that observations over many years are required to cover)Tj T* 0.006 Tc 0.06 Tw (different outburst states and orbital phases. The recent discovery of collimated)Tj T* -0.078 Tw (outflows \(\223jets\224\) from a number of symbiotics provides a new motivation for such)Tj T* -0.029 Tw (long-term study of these objects. Astrophysical jets are observed in almost every)Tj T* 0.054 Tw (type of accretion-powered system, and symbiotic stars may help us understand)Tj T* 0.115 Tw (these structures. In symbiotics, most jets appear to be associated with optical)Tj T* 0.01 Tw (eruptions. Optical monitoring by amateurs can identify systems in outburst, and)Tj T* -0.014 Tw (also help to build a comprehensive database of outburst and quiescent symbiotic)Tj T* 0.003 Tc -0.125 Tw (light curves. Together with radio through X-ray observations that will be performed)Tj T* 0.005 Tc 0.221 Tw (when new outbursts are found, long-term optical light curves will improve)Tj T* -0.069 Tw [(understanding of symbiotic outbursts, jet production, and the connection between)]TJ T* 0.022 Tw (outbursts, jets, and accretion disks in symbiotic stars.)Tj /F8 1 Tf 0 -2.4 TD 0.014 Tc -0.125 Tw [(1.)-250(Introduction: What are symbiotic stars?)]TJ /F9 1 Tf 1.572 -2.196 TD 0.005 Tc -0.099 Tw [(Symbiotic stars are interacting binary stars in which a hot white dwarf \(WD; or)]TJ -1.572 -1.2 TD -0.002 Tc -0.125 Tw (in a few cases a main-sequence star\) orbits a red-giant star and captures material from)Tj T* 0.005 Tc -0.051 Tw (the wind of the red giant \(RG\). A schematic diagram of the main components of a)Tj T* -0.082 Tw (symbiotic binary is shown in Figure 1. Because a WD is compact \(roughly the size)Tj T* -0.087 Tw [(of the earth, but with the mass of the sun\), it has a strong gravitational field and can)]TJ T* -0.115 Tw (capture more of the wind than would otherwise hit the WD directly. As the accreted)Tj T* 0.074 Tw (wind material falls toward the WD, it is accelerated and heated, and energy is)Tj T* -0.103 Tw (released. In some symbiotic binaries, the accreted material may form a disk around)Tj T* -0.002 Tw (the WD. Figure 2 is a computer-generated picture \(not to scale\) of the two stars,)Tj T* -0.102 Tw (including an accretion disk and a bi-polar \(i.e., two-sided\) jet \(discussed in Section)Tj T* -0.059 Tw (2\). Symbiotic stars are thus similar to cataclysmic variable stars \(CVs\). However,)Tj T* -0.067 Tw [(whereas a typical CV binary is not much larger than our sun, the distance between)]TJ ET endstream endobj 4 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F6 5 0 R /F8 6 0 R /F9 7 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS2 8 0 R >> >> endobj 10 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Name /Im1 /Width 217 /Height 3 /BitsPerComponent 8 /ColorSpace 11 0 R /Length 72 /Filter /LZWDecode >> stream P8$BaPH<.PhVDr'Bd#@\[$f1rkŧ1Y endstream endobj 12 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Name /Im2 /Width 217 /Height 3 /BitsPerComponent 8 /ColorSpace 11 0 R /Length 72 /Filter /LZWDecode >> stream P8$BaPH<.PhVDr'Bd#@\[$f1rkŧ1Y endstream endobj 13 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Name /Im3 /Width 217 /Height 3 /BitsPerComponent 8 /ColorSpace 14 0 R /Length 80 /Filter /LZWDecode >> stream P8$BaPH<.PhVDr'Bd#@\Ja$C6N#*8 endstream endobj 15 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Name /Im4 /Width 217 /Height 3 /BitsPerComponent 8 /ColorSpace 16 0 R /Length 96 /Filter /LZWDecode >> stream P8$BaPH<. & "n9 V=%J!`P.UsjkAi{>I_FR" 8D@ endstream endobj 17 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Name /Im5 /Width 217 /Height 3 /BitsPerComponent 8 /ColorSpace 18 0 R /Length 103 /Filter /LZWDecode >> stream P8$B`@ Db@P4B%#PhtA LA!㠠X23(Aҩrk)&D%6&N_A92oN"!`b endstream endobj 19 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Name /Im6 /Width 217 /Height 3 /BitsPerComponent 8 /ColorSpace 20 0 R /Length 141 /Filter /LZWDecode >> stream P8$B`` & D@|F-@`8 `4aQYP rli ai,Ob 0 PCa &`THB"j* HH% jmnf "U+ \/` endstream endobj 21 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Name /Im7 /Width 217 /Height 3 /BitsPerComponent 8 /ColorSpace 22 0 R /Length 137 /Filter /LZWDecode >> stream P8$B` PxVE`8@>1A̞KKa :e syl0 Os@\0 Ii]Rj0vw[T0|@!bJ8b ≕ endstream endobj 23 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Name /Im8 /Width 217 /Height 3 /BitsPerComponent 8 /ColorSpace 24 0 R /Length 130 /Filter /LZWDecode >> stream P8$Ba B8|F- P0AP X25AxBO3 D%0BBaI#3 # VP`T \0S)Q=b @EH endstream endobj 25 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Name /Im9 /Width 217 /Height 3 /BitsPerComponent 8 /ColorSpace 26 0 R /Length 140 /Filter /LZWDecode >> stream P8$Ba@ B@X>#ţp0 AP0X27 t)Df `pTl8H 8k0A[EkpF$ @"k@OmTbPe@@ endstream endobj 27 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Name /Im10 /Width 217 /Height 3 /BitsPerComponent 8 /ColorSpace 28 0 R /Length 87 /Filter /LZWDecode >> stream P8$Ba@ b1V @G"r(nI ITY-K 8 0%s]>&4((DB endstream endobj 29 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Name /Im11 /Width 217 /Height 3 /BitsPerComponent 8 /ColorSpace 30 0 R /Length 94 /Filter /LZWDecode >> stream P8$BaPH<.P0#E Ƥ%A08 (`P,3%34G>A@}C1! 3 endstream endobj 31 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Name /Im12 /Width 217 /Height 3 /BitsPerComponent 8 /ColorSpace 32 0 R /Length 98 /Filter /LZWDecode >> stream P8$BaPH<. ģQ8E>I%T .A d!6A`ɬY>%)ɰ@"R尘 endstream endobj 33 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Name /Im13 /Width 217 /Height 3 /BitsPerComponent 8 /ColorSpace 34 0 R /Length 96 /Filter /LZWDecode >> stream P8$BaPH<. F`Q #5#E1)DH¥ %SH\i>%4((4%L`FI` endstream endobj 35 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Name /Im14 /Width 217 /Height 3 /BitsPerComponent 8 /ColorSpace 36 0 R /Length 132 /Filter /LZWDecode >> stream P8$BaPH< @p@$Aа691~MBA0.K)Kɔ% P43 Á|A ")OIĂY:V%!0 (E"\"Z-0`IZ` endstream endobj 37 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Name /Im15 /Width 217 /Height 3 /BitsPerComponent 8 /ColorSpace 38 0 R /Length 121 /Filter /LZWDecode >> stream P8 !Pd4ؠ vB`6=#%X8JЈH&`bc9#(d5*Ehl8!& *Mr^ endstream endobj 39 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Name /Im16 /Width 217 /Height 3 /BitsPerComponent 8 /ColorSpace 40 0 R /Length 137 /Filter /LZWDecode >> stream P8$ d4 !8$E#Pn=t~C@x@"aI,c jmCED!rzh@ATR' EĂP N"8T\rQ endstream endobj 41 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Name /Im17 /Width 217 /Height 3 /BitsPerComponent 8 /ColorSpace 42 0 R /Length 204 /Filter /LZWDecode >> stream P8$ P48<>-AQ>+E#d < @@8+Kj &GAt# á% }BADB:DH8 PXZ.tڼr 2NucL: aڞp 9cp|? X!Ȁ)H endstream endobj 43 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Name /Im18 /Width 217 /Height 3 /BitsPerComponent 8 /ColorSpace 44 0 R /Length 224 /Filter /LZWDecode >> stream P8$B` D`pp D1(@ X PD$LAA@X ̂ bQJ8 C@!"A((%n] EUX-( @q4Ecip P\Ìb>D B, DAD`Qi L %ab`(7IİQ
> stream P8$B`` $H < Bp<(JaҩdKX C@P8 6@(|@D QHDQ8gWbD(*B@ .a 3HAڵ.!q 9 @@pt ǔ!|G) FAd2!C~h#I H J%Ih8%HQY;ApRyC ( SeR*V [)~[ endstream endobj 47 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Name /Im20 /Width 217 /Height 3 /BitsPerComponent 8 /ColorSpace 48 0 R /Length 225 /Filter /LZWDecode >> stream P8$B@ ( bQ 0 A@`4! (NdQ-A`*c h ; $bA,c/ yP) -C (2ࠠMfXN Q4Ca8CQ(x="?_WFpD`D`) H $Y,D&@O@tQC7z endstream endobj 49 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Name /Im21 /Width 217 /Height 3 /BitsPerComponent 8 /ColorSpace 50 0 R /Length 169 /Filter /LZWDecode >> stream P8$B@ (T`@` @ , FpdQ-AI_5i* B` ax@!K' ٕry *ueYM* ÀA` Z. 3 +5Z&qmڡP endstream endobj 51 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Name /Im22 /Width 217 /Height 3 /BitsPerComponent 8 /ColorSpace 52 0 R /Length 149 /Filter /LZWDecode >> stream P8$B@P$ @0Aap($A4`V9/i|1MϧPf| C0v !UaX #WkuQ- *o[UT+n@p`1@ endstream endobj 53 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Name /Im23 /Width 217 /Height 3 /BitsPerComponent 8 /ColorSpace 54 0 R /Length 176 /Filter /LZWDecode >> stream P8$B@P$@P#Q( 7R0@&? d1. b1c|d!<@ P* 6ӂ |@!@L' M0LЙ2+[mqdlZ.Bqc|`j ̌d cF?@ endstream endobj 55 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Name /Im24 /Width 217 /Height 3 /BitsPerComponent 8 /ColorSpace 56 0 R /Length 206 /Filter /LZWDecode >> stream P8$B@P$@P#Q( 6! P.Ax@" `TAX(0 Apn/44bSa(f=B\"Ā('B T+BX4\/ H}2.1cA/ud/AJ7ǀ | Q (!Z$#q endstream endobj 57 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Name /Im25 /Width 217 /Height 3 /BitsPerComponent 8 /ColorSpace 58 0 R /Length 248 /Filter /LZWDecode >> stream P8$B@PD@$ C`h28~I'A @0 < @`0\0st dMM `8F$D8SM $W`SxYk@xb8k at;(Ԉ"pڥ@| a B!QH AY0,'JÐ-BOt *Dx@b b 2"%=K@ endstream endobj 59 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Name /Im26 /Width 217 /Height 3 /BitsPerComponent 8 /ColorSpace 60 0 R /Length 221 /Filter /LZWDecode >> stream P8$B@@8H P APx@ 0 a< 3 Bef 泰t<:# XPY EYt7e -V1`h5 Q̄ : >#MFfBH9L# J%.Ԃe M`vRm}{2@ endstream endobj 61 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Name /Im27 /Width 217 /Height 3 /BitsPerComponent 8 /ColorSpace 62 0 R /Length 198 /Filter /LZWDecode >> stream P8$B@ H( p< B@ ( B 0 C!T 6Mf00rs8T @ ! bH KDDH@QX 3.AE,*mAE"u^(!&2p 5 сlr`Q%|<